Class 8 English · Unit 1 · Wit and Wisdom

Wisdom Paves the Way

Complete textbook exercise solutions — NCERT Poorvi, Class 8 English (CBSE).

Advertisement

Let us do these activities before we read

IWhy do we seek advice of the elderly in our family?

Elders have lived longer and have a lot of experience. They have faced many problems in life. So, they can give us wise and practical advice.

IIClassify each situation as ‘knowledge’ or ‘wisdom’.
KnowledgeWisdom
1. Riya’s understanding of plant care2. Mr. Kumar values time with family over chasing wealth.
3. Karuna’s expertise in computer programming4. Rohan understood the value of time management.
6. Ms. Vaijayanthi’s lecture on Indian Classical music5. Ramesh chose to forgive his friend.

Let us discuss (Scene I)

IComplete the following sentences with suitable reasons.
  • Dev Datt said, “Indeed, we ought to be united in this hope…,” because all four of them believed that the King of Ujjain would recognise their talents and give them work.
  • Har Datt said, “Look there, friends. A camel has passed this way. The tracks are fresh,” because he saw fresh camel tracks on the road.
  • Shiv Datt said, “It appears to be a merchant, running as if pursued by trouble,” because the man was running in haste and looked worried.
  • The merchant said, “How could you possibly know that? … Surely you are a healer!” because Dev Datt correctly said that the camel had a pain in its stomach.
  • Dev Datt said, “You are free to do as you wish, sir…,” because the four men were innocent and had nothing to hide.

In the textbook, Shiv Datt speaks the line about the camel tracks. The exercise names Har Datt, but the reason stays the same.

Let us discuss (Scene II)

IArrange the events in order of their occurrence from Scene II.
1. The King asks the merchant to clearly state his accusation.
2. The merchant accuses the four men of knowing a lot about his missing camel.
3. Ram Datt explains how he infers from the tracks that the camel is lame.
4. Shiv Datt reveals that the camel is blind in its right eye.
5. Har Datt clarifies how he knew that the camel has a short tail.
6. Dev Datt explains his observation about the camel’s pain and careful movement.
7. The King praises the young men and dismisses the merchant’s accusation.
8. The King makes the four young men his advisers.

Statement numbers in order: 3, 8, 2, 5, 7, 6, 4, 1.

Let us think and reflect

I.1Read the extract and answer the questions.
Dev Datt : Ten days are but a short span in the grand scheme of things. We may still have many more roads to wander before we find employment befitting all four of us. …

(i) Identify the false statement and rectify it.
Statement A is false.

Correct: Dev Datt believes that they may still have to wander many more roads before they find suitable employment.

(ii) What does Ram Datt’s confidence in gaining the King’s recognition tell us about him?
It shows that Ram Datt is hopeful and confident. He believes in his own talents and those of his friends.

(iii) The phrase ‘press on’ refers to ______.
B. moving forward with determination

(iv) What can be inferred about Har Datt’s character?
C. He is cautious and thoughtful, preferring to plan ahead.

I.2Read the extract and answer the questions.
King : (To the four men) You have demonstrated remarkable intelligence and the ability to see beyond the obvious. … What do you say to my offer?

(i) Select the option that is true for both Assertion (A) and Reason (R).
B. Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).

The merchant felt ashamed because his accusation was proved baseless, not because the men joined the court.

(ii) ‘See beyond the obvious’ means that the men had the ability to ______.
C. notice details that others might overlook

(iii) Ram Datt described the King’s offer as ‘an honour we had not dared to dream of’ because ______.
they were only looking for ordinary work. They never expected to become advisers to the King.

(iv) How does the King’s offer to the four men reflect his values as a ruler?
The King values intelligence and wisdom. He is fair and just. He rewards talent, no matter where a person comes from.

IIAnswer the following questions.

1. What does the dusty road leading to Ujjain tell us about the challenges of the young men’s journey?
The dusty road shows that their journey was long and tiring. They had walked for ten days. They were still not sure of finding work.

2. Why did the merchant become suspicious of the four men? What does this tell us about him?
The men described his camel perfectly but said they had never seen it. So, he thought they had stolen it. This shows that he was hasty and quick to judge others.

3. How do the four young men’s observations about the camel serve as a turning point in the play?
Their observations first get them into trouble, as the merchant accuses them of theft. But in the court, the same observations prove their wisdom. As a result, the King makes them his advisers.

4. Why did the King believe the four young men and not the merchant?
The young men gave a clear and logical reason for every detail. The merchant had only suspicion and no proof. So, the King believed the young men.

5. How does the capability of the four young men make them suitable to become advisors?
They are very observant. They think logically and notice small details that others miss. They also stay calm and speak respectfully. These qualities make them good advisers.

6. Why does the merchant feel ashamed for accusing the four young men of stealing his camel? Explain in your own words.
The merchant had called the young men thieves without any proof. In the court, they proved that they were wise and honest. The King also told him to be careful in future. So, he felt ashamed.

Let us learn

IFill in the noun form of the words given in brackets.
  1. Some word games need a lot of thought and deduction.
  2. We need to make close observation of animals in order to understand their behaviour.
  3. A detailed scrutiny of the documents shows a lot of errors.
  4. You should not make any false accusations against anyone.
  5. She was given an award in recognition of her contribution to literature.
IIMatch the expressions with their meanings. Then make sentences.
Column 1Column 2
1. with all our hearts(vi) complete sincerity
2. to be precise(iv) exact and accurate
3. gain an audience with(v) meeting or hearing someone
4. catch his breath(vii) to pause or rest for some time
5. erupts in applause(ii) starts cheering together
6. grand scheme of things(viii) overall plan of life in a larger context
7. taken aback(i) surprised
8. more than meets the eye(iii) hidden information that is not obvious

Sentences:

  1. We thanked our teachers with all our hearts on Teachers’ Day.
  2. The train was late by forty minutes, to be precise.
  3. The athlete stopped for a minute to catch his breath.
  4. The hall erupts in applause when the winner is announced.
  5. I was taken aback when my shy friend sang on the stage.
IIIMatch the meanings of ‘face’ and ‘bear’ with the correct sentences.
WordMeaningSentence
face1. (n.) the front part of a person’s head(iii) She has a round, smiling face.
face2. (v.) to be positioned with the face towards(i) Ravi turned to face his father, when he was called.
face3. (v.) to deal with a difficult situation(iv) We should be ready to face life’s challenges.
face4. (n.) the front or surface of a thing(ii) The face of the clock was painted red and blue.
bear1. (v.) tolerate(iv) I can’t bear the sound of vehicles honking.
bear2. (v.) accept(iii) Riya agreed to bear the responsibilities with confidence.
bear3. (n.) a large heavy mammal(ii) I spotted a bear on a wildlife safari.
bear4. (v.) produce; give birth to(i) The trees … took a long time to bear fruit.
IVMatch the highlighted words with the functions they express.
Sentence (modal)Function
1. I will gladly pay your fee…(ix) willingness
2. You must have stolen it…(v) logical conclusion
3. You shall come with me…(x) command
4. How could you possibly know that?(i) expression of disbelief
5. … he would recognise our talents…(viii) prediction
6. A camel with a long tail would have fended off…(ii) imagined (hypothetical) possibility
7. They may tell us more than meets the eye.(xi) possibility
8. May your wisdom shine upon Ujjain…(vi) wish or hope
9. Indeed, we ought to be united…(iii) moral obligation or advice
10. We need to devise a strategy.(vii) necessity
11. … yet you dare to claim…(iv) challenge
VComplete the story with modal verbs from the box.

“How 1. can I become wise like you?” The old man smiled and said, “Wisdom 2. must be earned through patience. You 3. should listen, more than you speak.” … “It 4. might take years, but I’ll try.” … “You 5. need to learn from your mistakes too. Wisdom 6. may come slowly, but it always arrives for those who seek it.” The boy knew he 7. could become wise if he followed the old man’s advice.

VIRewrite the sentences using appropriate modal verbs.
  • You need not worry about things beyond your control.
  • A person cannot gain experience without taking risks.
  • You must treat others with kindness, even when they disagree with you.
  • You must not interrupt when someone else is speaking.

Let us listen

IMatch statements 1–6 to the speakers (i)–(iv).
  • Speaker (i) – 6. Witty characters can deactivate tense situations with their cleverness.
  • Speaker (ii) – 1. Witty characters prove that cleverness is as powerful as strength.
  • Speaker (iii) – 4. Witty characters teach me that tricky situations can be managed calmly.
  • Speaker (iv) – 3. Witty characters in a story keep the reader involved.

Statements not needed: 2 and 5.

Let us speak

ISay the sentences aloud by stressing the highlighted words and share their meanings.
  • I take my dog for a walk — I do it, not someone else.
  • I take my dog for a walk — I take it along, I do not send it alone.
  • I take my dog for a walk — my own dog, not someone else’s.
  • I take my dog for a walk — the dog, not the cat or any other pet.
  • I take my dog for a walk in the evening — in the evening, not in the morning.
IIPractise the sentences with the correct intonation.

Let us write

Write a letter of complaint to the Commissioner, Municipal Corporation about the bad condition of the road.

12, Shanti Nagar
Nashik
10 August 20XX

The Commissioner
Municipal Corporation
Nashik

Subject: Complaint about the bad condition of the road in Shanti Nagar

Sir,

I would like to bring to your attention the poor condition of the kutcha road leading to our colony, Shanti Nagar. Due to heavy rains, the road is full of deep potholes.

The problems that we face are serious. The potholes are filled with water, so people cannot see them. Many children and elderly people have slipped and hurt themselves. Two-wheelers often skid. As a result, accidents have become common. Consequently, the stagnant water has also become a breeding ground for mosquitoes.

Firstly, I would like to suggest that the potholes be filled at once. Secondly, the stagnant water should be drained and the area should be sprayed. I request you to look into this matter and get a proper road built soon. I look forward to your prompt response.

Yours faithfully,
Aditya Patil
(Resident, Shanti Nagar)

Let us explore

I & IIStaging the play and reading stories of wit and wisdom.