MAK LABS — CTET 7 July 2024 Paper II (Social Studies) Question Paper with Answer Key

1.In progressive education children are perceived as:

(1) Innocent and dependent
(2) Compliant and capable of only consuming knowledge
(3) Knowledgeable and meaning-makers
(4) Vulnerable and in need of protection

Why: Progressive education sees children as active learners who already know a lot. They build their own meaning from experience. They are not empty or only dependent.

2.Feedback to the students in a classroom is most effective when:

(1) It assigns comparative ranks to the students.
(2) It occurs during as well as after the learning activity.
(3) It focuses on what the child cannot do rather than what they can do.
(4) It centres around tests and exams at the end of the year.

Why: Feedback helps most when it comes during the activity and also after it. Then the child can correct mistakes at once. Ranks, a focus on failures and year-end tests do not guide learning.

3.Assertion (A): During adolescence the pressures to conform to gender expectations and follow conventions of feminity or masculinity increases.
Reason (R): Gender and gender roles are determined biologically.
Choose the correct option.

(1) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
(2) Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
(3) (A) is true but (R) is false.
(4) Both (A) and (R) are false.

Why: In adolescence the pressure to behave in a “girl-like” or “boy-like” way does increase. So (A) is true. Gender roles are shaped by society, not by biology. So (R) is false.

4.Sunita, a 12 year old girl, shows exceptional musical ability. Both her parents are accomplished singers, and they send her for classes for voice training after school. Her capabilities are most likely to be the result of an interaction between:

(1) growth and maturation
(2) nutrition and discipline
(3) heredity and environment
(4) gender identity and genetic make-up

Why: Sunita may have inherited musical ability from her singer parents (heredity). Her voice training and musical home give her the right surroundings (environment). Her talent comes from both together.

5.Sensitive periods are those time periods during which certain __________ are especially important for course of ‘normal’ development.

(1) genetic predispositions
(2) ethnic factors
(3) environmental factors
(4) hereditary factors

Why: A sensitive period is a time when the child is especially open to certain environmental experiences. If those experiences are missing then, development may be affected.

6.In order to develop critical thinking among students a teacher should:

(1) ask only those questions which carry single answers.
(2) discourage the students from asking doubts and questions.
(3) give questions that involve inferences and explanations.
(4) avoid questions which need inference and analysis.

Why: Questions that need inference and explanation make students think for themselves. Single-answer questions and stopping doubts do not build critical thinking.

7.A teacher asks herself - “How can I provide experiences that require students to classify different types of objects in the environment and analyse their classification schemes?” Which intelligence is she trying to promote in students?

(1) Linguistic Intelligence
(2) Inter-personal Intelligence
(3) Naturalistic Intelligence
(4) Bodily- Kinesthetics Intelligence

Why: Classifying objects in the natural world and studying patterns belongs to naturalistic intelligence in Gardner’s theory.

8.How does setting mastery goals impact a student’s motivation and views of ability?

(1) It often implies enhanced intrinsic motivation and belief in the entity view of ability.
(2) It often implies enhanced intrinsic motivation and belief in the incremental view of ability.
(3) It often implies enhanced extrinsic motivation and belief in the entity view of ability.
(4) It often implies enhanced extrinsic motivation and belief in the incremental view of ability.

Why: Mastery goals focus on learning and improving. They raise intrinsic motivation. They also go with the belief that ability can grow with effort, which is the incremental view.

9.Rama is a teacher who is implementing Vygotsky’s theory in her classroom and she assigns her students to work in groups to complete a challenging task. During the task, one student struggles to understand a key concept. What would be the most effective way for Rama to help this student?

(1) Provide the student with the answer to the problem so the group can move on.
(2) Encourage the student to try to solve the problem on her own.
(3) Assign a different task to the student that is better suited to her abilities.
(4) Work through the problem with the student and providing guidance and feedback as needed while involving other group members.

Why: Vygotsky stressed guidance within the zone of proximal development. The teacher works with the student, gives hints and feedback, and also involves peers. This is scaffolding.

10.Assertion (A): Teachers should encourage debates, discussions and collaborations among students.
Reason (R): Knowledge production is an inactive process and engagement in group activities hinders meaningful learning.
Choose the correct option.

(1) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
(2) Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
(3) (A) is true but (R) is false.
(4) Both (A) and (R) are false.

Why: Debates, discussions and teamwork help learning, so (A) is true. Knowledge is built actively and group work supports it. So (R) is false.

11.Change and stability in emotions, personality and social relationships together constitute:

(1) Personality development
(2) Emotional development
(3) Psychosocial development
(4) Cognitive development

Why: Changes in emotions, personality and social relations together form psychosocial development.

12.Which of the following correctly describes ‘culturally responsive teaching’ to cater to diverse groups of students?
(i) Intentional
(ii) Adaptive
(iii) Differentiated (iv) Standardized

(1) (i), (iv)
(2) (ii), (iii)
(3) (i), (ii), (iii)
(4) (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)

Why: Culturally responsive teaching is planned on purpose (intentional). It changes to suit learners (adaptive). It offers different paths for different learners (differentiated). It is not standardised.

13.Assertion (A): Schools should function within frameworks which assess the finished product and learning outcomes.
Reason (R): Learning is tightly sequential and hierarchical.
Choose the correct option.

(1) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
(2) Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
(3) (A) is true but (R) is false.
(4) Both (A) and (R) are false.

Why: Schools should assess the process of learning too, not only the final product. Learning is not tightly sequential and fixed. So both (A) and (R) are false.

14.According to Lev Vygotsky what is the relationship between language and thought?

(1) Language does not shape thought
(2) Thought shapes language
(3) Language and thought are independent of each other
(4) Language and thought are complex interrelated processes of development

Why: For Vygotsky, language and thought begin separately. Later they join and shape each other. So they are complex, inter-related processes.

15.Which of the following is a correctly matched pair?

(1) Criterion - referenced assessment : includes mastery of specific topics
(2) Norm - references assessment : compares performance to that of peers
(3) Formative assessment : determining what the students can do before and after the class
(4) Summative assessment : involves paper - pencil tests as well as detailed accounts of non- written behaviours

Why: Norm-referenced assessment compares a student’s performance with that of other students (peers). This pair is correctly matched.

16.Which of the following hinders the participation of students with visual impairment in classroom?

(1) electronically formatted lecture transcriptions
(2) printed textbooks and notes
(3) raised-line drawings and maps
(4) tactile models of graphic materials

Why: Printed textbooks and notes cannot be read by students who cannot see. So they hinder participation. Electronic transcripts, raised-line maps and tactile models help such students.

17.Which method did Lawrence Kohlberg used to study moral development of children?

(1) Quantitative research approach
(2) Posing moral dilemmas to children and analyzing responses
(3) Conducting observations of children during play
(4) Experimental method

Why: Kohlberg told children stories with moral dilemmas, such as the Heinz dilemma. He studied the reasons they gave for their answers.

18.Constructivist teaching leads to __________ learning by students.

(1) discovery
(2) meaningless
(3) rote
(4) receptive

Why: In constructivist teaching children explore and find out for themselves. This leads to discovery learning.

19.Students struggling with dyslexia can be taught to read:

(1) Through systematic phonological training.
(2) By providing higher grade level reading texts.
(3) By giving long and complex passages.
(4) Through association method of conditioning.

Why: Dyslexia is a difficulty in linking sounds with letters. Systematic training in phonological (sound) awareness helps such children learn to read.

20.Jean Piaget’s theory of cognitive development implicates that:

(1) Behaviour should be conditioned using rewards and punishments.
(2) Concepts should be taught in a sequence of complex to simple.
(3) Curriculum should be designed keeping children’s age-group and stage in mind.
(4) Focus of teaching should be the outcome of the activity instead of the process of thinking.

Why: Piaget said children think differently at each stage. So the curriculum should match the child’s age and stage of development.

21.You are a teacher who wants to help your students develop metacognitive skills. Which of the following strategies is most likely to foster this type of thinking?

(1) Giving students marks instead of qualitative feedback on their performance.
(2) Encouraging students to reflect on their own learning and thinking processes.
(3) Providing students with summarised notes for assignments.
(4) Assigning homework that requires memorization and recall.

Why: Metacognition means thinking about one’s own thinking. Asking students to reflect on how they learn and think builds this skill.

22.Which of the following statement is correct about ‘Autism’?

(1) All autistic people have at least one exceptional skill.
(2) Autism is a neuro-developmental disorder.
(3) Autism is caused solely by environmental factors.
(4) Autism can be cured and improves with age.

Why: Autism is a neuro-developmental disorder. It affects communication and behaviour. It is not caused only by the environment, it is not “cured”, and not every autistic person has a special skill.

23.A key commonality in Piaget and Vygotsky’s theories is:

(1) Their views of relationship between language and thought.
(2) Focus on stage-like progression in children’s development.
(3) Involvement and engagement of children in their own learning.
(4) The role of culture in the cognitive processes.

Why: Both Piaget and Vygotsky saw children as active learners who are engaged in building their own knowledge. They differed on language, stages and culture.

24.Assertion (A): Teachers should respect the individual differences among learners and adapt their teaching to cater to needs of all students.
Reason (R): Collaborations, group works and interactions among students should be avoided while teaching a class of diverse learners.
Choose the correct option.

(1) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
(2) Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
(3) (A) is true but (R) is false.
(4) Both (A) and (R) are false.

Why: Teachers should respect individual differences, so (A) is true. Group work and interaction help diverse learners, so they should not be avoided. (R) is false.

25.Which learning strategy involves children teaching others what they have learned?

(1) Conditioned learning
(2) Rote learning
(3) Expository teaching
(4) Reciprocal teaching

Why: In reciprocal teaching, students take turns to act as the teacher. They explain what they have learned to others.

26.Assertion (A): In Asian cultures which stress social harmony, expressions of ‘anger’ are discouraged and ‘shame’ is encouraged.
Reason (R): Emotions are subjective and do not play any role in learning.
Choose the correct option.

(1) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
(2) Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
(3) (A) is true but (R) is false.
(4) Both (A) and (R) are false.

Why: Cultures that value harmony discourage anger and use shame to control behaviour, so (A) is true. Emotions do affect learning, so (R) is false.

27.According to Jean Piaget how are children different from adults?

(1) Children are dependent on adults while adults are independent.
(2) Adults are much more knowledgeable than children.
(3) Children’s thinking is qualitatively different from that of adults.
(4) Children’s thinking is quantitatively different from that of adults.

Why: Piaget said children do not just know less than adults. They think in a different way. So the difference is qualitative.

28.Which of the following question promotes analytical thinking?

(1) The capital city of India is __________
(2) How many States are there in India ?
(3) What is the total population of India ?
(4) What are the various causes of increase of population in India ?

Why: Finding the causes of population increase needs breaking a problem into parts and linking causes. This is analytical thinking. The other questions only need recall.

29.Inclusive classrooms:

(1) Recognize that every child will learn at the same rate and at the same time.
(2) Is an educational program offered to cater to the needs of ‘special children’.
(3) Are meant to offer differentiated instructions as per individual differences.
(4) Aim to remove all kinds of differences among the children.

Why: Inclusive classrooms accept differences. Teachers give differentiated instruction to suit each child. Children do not all learn at the same rate.

30.Assertion (A): Teachers should give lot of opportunities to children for experimentation and discuss examples and non-examples.
Reason (R): A constructive way of dealing with misconceptions in children is to provide counter examples.
Choose the correct option.

(1) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
(2) Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
(3) (A) is true but (R) is false.
(4) Both (A) and (R) are false.

Why: Experimenting and comparing examples with non-examples help children correct wrong ideas. Counter-examples are a constructive way to deal with misconceptions. So (R) explains (A).

31.In a physical map of India if you have to locate the Deccan Plateau, it will be represented by the colour:

(1) orange
(2) brown
(3) green
(4) yellow

Why: On a physical map of India, plateaus are shown in yellow-brown shades. The key gives yellow for the Deccan Plateau. Plains are shown in green and high mountains in dark brown.

32.Choose the measures to control soil erosion and depletion from the following.
(a) Mulching
(b) Over grazing
(c) Terrace farming
(d) Inter cropping
Choose the correct option:

(1) (a), (b), (c) only
(2) (a), (c), (d) only
(3) (a), (b), (d) only
(4) (b), (c), (d) only

Why: Mulching, terrace farming and inter-cropping protect the soil from wind and water. Over-grazing removes plant cover and causes soil erosion.

33.Consider the following sentences (A) and (B) about motions of the Earth and choose the correct option:
(A) Rotation is the movement of the earth on its axis.
(B) The axis of the Earth which is an imaginary line, makes an angle of 33½° with its orbital plane.
Choose the correct option:

(1) Only (A) is correct
(2) Only (B) is correct
(3) Both (A) and (B) are correct
(4) Both (A) and (B) are incorrect

Why: Rotation is the spinning of the earth on its axis, so (A) is correct. The earth’s axis makes an angle of 66½° with its orbital plane, not 33½°. So (B) is wrong.

34.Watan Jagirs were given by Akbar to which of the following chiefs?

(1) Sikhs
(2) Marathas
(3) Sisodiya Rajputs
(4) Indian Muslims

Why: According to the key, Akbar gave watan jagirs to the Sisodiya Rajputs. A watan jagir was the chief’s own homeland, which he was allowed to keep as a hereditary jagir.

35.Consider the statements (A) and (B) about Paramountcy and choose the correct answer:
(A) The Company claimed that its authority was not supreme.
(B) In order to protect Company interests it was justified in annexing or threatening to annexe any Indian Kingdom.

(1) Both (A) and (B) are true
(2) Both (A) and (B) are false
(3) (A) is true but (B) is false
(4) (A) is false but (B) is true

Why: Under Paramountcy the Company claimed that its authority was supreme, so (A) is false. It said it could annex or threaten to annex any Indian kingdom to protect its interests, so (B) is true.

36.Match the following concepts in Column - I with their examples in Column - II and choose the appropriate option:

Column - I Concepts	Column - II Examples
(a) Discrimination	(i) Differential pay for same work
(b) Inequality	(ii) Villagers are superstitious
(c) Stereotype	(iii) Woman not allowed to be hired since she is starting a family
(d) Prejudice	(iv) Girls are good at cooking

(1) (a)-(iii), (b)-(i), (c)-(ii), (d)-(iv)
(2) (a)-(iv), (b)-(ii), (c)-(i), (d)-(iii)
(3) (a)-(iv), (b)-(iii), (c)-(i), (d)-(ii)
(4) (a)-(iii), (b)-(i), (c)-(iv), (d)-(ii)

Why: Refusing to hire a woman because she is starting a family is discrimination. Unequal pay for the same work is inequality. “Girls are good at cooking” is a stereotype. “Villagers are superstitious” is a prejudice.

37.Consider the two given statements (A) and (R) and choose the appropriate option:
(A): Those places West of Greenwich will be behind of Greenwich time. (R): The Earth rotates from east to west and sun rises early in eastern side.

(1) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)
(2) Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)
(3) (A) is true and (R) is false
(4) Both (A) and (R) are false

Why: Places west of Greenwich are behind Greenwich time, so (A) is true. The earth rotates from west to east, not east to west. So (R) is false.

38.A population pyramid with big base and skinny top shows:
(a) High birth rates
(b) High death rates in higher age group
(c) Relatively large number of young population
(d) Large number of deaths of infants
Choose the correct option:

(1) Only (a) and (b)
(2) Only (a), (b) and (c)
(3) Only (b), (c) and (d)
(4) Only (a), (c) and (d)

Why: A big base means many children are born (high birth rate) and there are many young people. A thin top means many people die before old age. Infant deaths are not shown by this shape alone.

39.Match the following pairs and choose the appropriate option:

Rocks	Origin/formation
(a) Igneous Rocks	(i) Change under great heat and pressure
(b) Sedimentary Rocks	(ii) Molten Magma
(c) Metamorphic Rocks	(iii) Deposition by wind and water

Choose the correct option:

(1) (a)-(i), (b)-(ii), (c)-(iii)
(2) (a)-(ii), (b)-(iii), (c)-(i)
(3) (a)-(iii), (b)-(i), (c)-(ii)
(4) (a)-(i), (b)-(iii), (c)-(ii)

Why: Igneous rocks form from molten magma. Sedimentary rocks form from layers deposited by wind and water. Metamorphic rocks form when rocks change under great heat and pressure.

40.Which of the following statements are correct about Amazon basin?
(a) This region is characterized by hot and wet climate throughout the year.
(b) People practice ‘slash and burn’ agriculture.
(c) People mainly grow paddy.
(d) Aircrafts and helicopters are also used for reaching various places in the basin.
Choose the correct option:

(1) Only (a), (b) and (c)
(2) Only (b), (c) and (d)
(3) Only (a), (c) and (d)
(4) Only (a), (b) and (d)

Why: The Amazon basin is hot and wet all year. People practise slash and burn farming. Aircraft and helicopters are used to reach places. The main crop is cassava (manioc), not paddy.

41.Consider the following statements about Ladakh and choose the correct option.
(a) Several rivers flow through Ladakh.
(b) Due to high altitude, the climate is extremely cold.
(c) Despite being in the rain shadow of Himalayas, there is high rainfall.
(d) This area experiences freezing winds and burning hot sunlight.

(1) Only (a) and (b) are correct
(2) Only (a), (b) and (c) are correct
(3) Only (b), (c) and (d) are correct
(4) Only (a), (b) and (d) are correct

Why: Ladakh is a cold desert with several rivers like the Indus. It is very cold because of the high altitude. It has freezing winds and burning hot sunlight. It gets very little rain because it lies in the rain shadow.

42.The Indian National Congress in the early years raised a number of economic issues against the British. Choose the correct option.
(i) The Congress declared that the British rule had led to poverty and famines.
(ii) It demanded reduction of revenue and cut in military expenditure.
(iii) Congress demanded more funds for irrigation.
(iv) It raised the voice against entertainment tax.

(1) Only (i) and (ii) are correct
(2) Only (ii) and (iii) are correct
(3) Only (i), (ii) and (iii) are correct
(4) Only (ii), (iii) and (iv) are correct

Why: The early Congress said British rule caused poverty and famines. It demanded lower revenue, less military spending and more money for irrigation. It opposed the salt tax, not an entertainment tax.

43.Which of the following is true about Ashoka’s dhamma?
(a) It did not involve worship of a god.
(b) It did not involve performance of a sacrifice.
(c) The ideas of dhamma were inspired by the teachings of Buddha.
(d) Ashoka appointed Buddhist monks to teach people about dhamma.
Choose the correct option:

(1) All (a), (b), (c) and (d)
(2) Only (a) and (b)
(3) Only (b) and (c)
(4) Only (a), (b) and (c)

Why: Ashoka’s dhamma did not involve worship of a god or performing sacrifices. It was inspired by the Buddha’s teachings. Ashoka appointed officials called dhamma mahamatta to teach dhamma, not Buddhist monks.

44.Below are two statements (A) and (B) in the context of Shri Narayan Guru.
(A) He advocated equality of all within a single sect or caste.
(B) He inspired all of them to have faith in all gurus.
Choose the correct option:

(1) Both (A) and (B) are true
(2) Both (A) and (B) are false
(3) (A) is true but (B) is false
(4) (A) is false but (B) is true

Why: The key accepts (A) and rejects (B). Shri Narayana Guru preached equality of all, “one caste, one religion, one god for humankind”.

45.Match the following in the context of people and objects in ancient times and choose the appropriate option.

A	B
(a) Barygaza	(i) Stamped red-glazed pottery
(b) Shrenis	(ii) Bharuch
(c) Arretine ware	(iii) Independent farmers
(d) Grihapatis	(iv) Associations of crafts persons and merchants

(1) (a)-(ii), (b)-(iv), (c)-(i), (d)-(iii)
(2) (a)-(ii), (b)-(iv), (c)-(iii), (d)-(i)
(3) (a)-(iv), (b)-(iii), (c)-(i), (d)-(ii)
(4) (a)-(i), (b)-(ii), (c)-(iv), (d)-(iii)

Why: Barygaza is the Greek name for Bharuch. Shrenis were associations of crafts persons and merchants. Arretine ware was stamped red-glazed pottery. Grihapatis were independent farmers.

46.Which layer of the atmosphere has very thin layer of air?

(1) Thermosphere
(2) Exosphere
(3) Stratosphere
(4) Mesosphere

Why: The exosphere is the uppermost layer of the atmosphere. The air here is extremely thin.

47.Who coined the phrase, ‘Unity in Diversity’?

(1) Pt. Jawaharlal Nehru
(2) Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi
(3) Subhash Chandra Bose
(4) Sardar Vallabh Bhai Patel

Why: Jawaharlal Nehru used the phrase “unity in diversity” for India in his book “The Discovery of India”.

48.Which of the following statements is/are true about technological development in temple construction from the twelfth century?
(a) The weight of the superstructure was carried by the shikhara.
(b) Sandstone mixed with stone chips was increasingly used in construction.
Choose the correct option:

(1) Only (a) is correct
(2) Only (b) is correct
(3) Both (a) and (b) are correct
(4) Both (a) and (b) are incorrect

Why: From the twelfth century, the weight of the superstructure was carried by arches (the keystone technique), not by the shikhara. Limestone cement, made of limestone mixed with stone chips, came into use, not sandstone. So both statements are incorrect.

49.Which one of the following is not correct for grama-bhojaka?

(1) Usually, men from the same family held the position for generations.
(2) He had slaves and hired workers to cultivate the land.
(3) The king often used him to collect taxes from the village.
(4) He did not function as a Judge and policeman.

Why: The grama-bhojaka was the most powerful landowner of the village. The king used him to collect taxes. He also acted as judge and sometimes as policeman. So statement (4) is not correct.

50.Which of the following is/are correctly matched?

Crop	Required Climatic Condition
(a) Coffee	Cool and dry climate
(b) Tea	Warm climate and high rainfall

Choose the correct option:

(1) Only (a)
(2) Only (b)
(3) Both (a) and (b)
(4) Neither (a) nor (b)

Why: Coffee needs a warm, moist climate. Tea needs a cool climate with well-distributed high rainfall. So neither pair is correctly matched.

51.The category ‘erstwhile princely states’ was applicable:

(1) at the time of Independence around 1947-48 only.
(2) between 1947-48 and 1956 when they were recognised as administrative units
(3) in the post-1956 when they were no longer retained as administrative units.
(4) to none as no such category existed in India.

Why: Princely states joined India in 1947-48. They worked as separate administrative units only until 1956. After that the states were reorganised on a linguistic basis.

52.Women were taught at home in nineteenth century colonial India because:
(a) they could study as well as do domestic duties.
(b) people believed that going out in public places would corrupt them.
(c) people wanted to hide the fact of their education from relatives and friends.
Choose the correct option:

(1) (a) and (b)
(2) (a) and (c)
(3) (b) and (c)
(4) (a), (b) and (c)

Why: In the nineteenth century many people believed that going out to school would corrupt girls. So women were taught at home, where they could also do household work.

53.Who among the following edited newspaper Kesari which became one of the strongest critics of the British rule?

(1) Jyotirao Phule
(2) Balgangadhar Tilak
(3) Mahatma Gandhi
(4) Lala Lajpat Rai

Why: Bal Gangadhar Tilak edited the newspaper “Kesari” in Marathi. It became a strong critic of British rule.

54.Match the following columns and choose the appropriate option:

Sphere of the Earth	Feature
(a) Lithosphere	(i) Plant and Animal Kingdom
(b) Hydrosphere	(ii) Made up of rocks and minerals
(c) Atmosphere	(iii) Various sources of water
(d) Biosphere	(iv) Thin layer of Air

(1) (a)-(i), (b)-(ii), (c)-(iii), (d)-(iv)
(2) (a)-(ii), (b)-(iii), (c)-(iv), (d)-(i)
(3) (a)-(iii), (b)-(iv), (c)-(i), (d)-(ii)
(4) (a)-(iv), (b)-(i), (c)-(ii), (d)-(iii)

Why: Lithosphere is made of rocks and minerals. Hydrosphere is all the water on earth. Atmosphere is the thin layer of air. Biosphere is the zone of plant and animal life.

55.Below are two statements (A) and (B) in the context of leather workers in 19th century.
(A) During the First World War there was a huge demand for shoes for the armies.
(B) The poor people from ordinary castes saw this as an opportunity and were ready to supply shoes for the army.
Choose the correct option:

(1) Both (A) and (B) are true
(2) Both (A) and (B) are false
(3) (A) is true but (B) is false
(4) (A) is false but (B) is true

Why: During the First World War there was a huge demand for army shoes, so (A) is true. It was the leather workers, then treated as “untouchable”, who used this opportunity and prospered, not people of ordinary castes. So (B) is false.

56.The Mughal revenue system with its own schedule of revenue rates for individual crop was called:

(1) Jagir
(2) Zabt
(3) Zat
(4) Iqta

Why: Under Todar Mal, Akbar’s revenue system had a schedule of revenue rates for each crop, fixed in cash. This system was called zabt.

57.The opening time of Central Government Offices in India is 9:00 a.m. IST, what will be the local time of opening of the Central Government Offices located at 80° East Longitude near Chennai and 92°45′ East Longitude near Itanagar, respectively:

(1) 09:10 a.m. and 08:19 a.m. respectively
(2) 08:19 a.m. and 09:10 a.m. respectively
(3) 08:50 a.m. and 09:41 a.m. respectively
(4) 09:41 a.m. and 08:50 a.m. respectively

Why: IST is based on 82°30′ E, and 1° of longitude = 4 minutes. Chennai (80° E) is 2°30′ west, so it is 10 minutes behind: 08:50 a.m. Itanagar (92°45′ E) is 10°15′ east, so it is 41 minutes ahead: 09:41 a.m.

58.The Government has passed laws that made it mandatory for organisations with more than __________ women employees to provide creche facilities.

(1) 10
(2) 15
(3) 25
(4) 30

Why: According to the NCERT textbook, the law makes creche facilities compulsory in organisations with more than 30 women employees.

59.The rocks that were formed 300 million years after the earth was formed, is:

(1) considered as youngest rocks in the world
(2) located in Western Australia
(3) located in Eastern Europe
(4) located in the Himalayan region

Why: The oldest rocks, formed about 300 million years after the earth was formed, are found in Western Australia.

60.Archaeologists play an important role in deciphering history. Which one of the following choices is incorrect about their nature of work?

(1) Study the remains of buildings, paintings and sculpture
(2) Explore and excavate tools, weapons, pots, pan, etc.
(3) Look for bones of animals, birds and fish
(4) Examine the written records

Why: Archaeologists study material remains such as buildings, tools, pots, bones and paintings. Examining written records is the work of historians who study manuscripts and inscriptions.

61.Project method in Social Sciences involves __________.
(a) Activity
(b) Discussion
(c) Experiment
(d) Narration
Choose the correct option:

(1) (a), (b) and (c)
(2) (a), (c) and (d)
(3) (a) and (b) only
(4) (c) and (d) only

Why: In the project method, students learn by doing activities, discussing and experimenting. Narration is a teacher-centred method.

62.The purpose of diagnostic evaluation is to:
(a) obtain information about learner’s characters
(b) get to know about the knowledge students already possess
(c) classify learners into categories
(d) to assess the learners
Choose the correct option:

(1) (a), (b) and (c)
(2) (b), (c) and (d)
(3) (d) and (c)
(4) (a) and (b)

Why: Diagnostic evaluation finds out a learner’s characteristics and what the learner already knows. This helps the teacher find the learning difficulty and plan help.

63.A Social Science teacher asked students to make rules for their class. These were then written on a chart paper. All the students gave their consent to follow these. The chart paper was pasted in class, so that it can be referred by the students. This can be an introductory activity for which of the following topics?

(1) Diversity
(2) Marginalisation
(3) Democracy
(4) Markets

Why: Students made the class rules together and all agreed to follow them. This shows rule-making by consent, which is the idea of democracy.

64.Consider the following statements Assertion (A) and Reason (R) in relation to the nature of Social Science and choose the correct option.
Assertion (A): The social sciences have developed their own distinct methods for dealing with facts in an objective and systematic way.
Reason (R): Unlike the natural sciences, in Social Science it is difficult to insulate the observation and analysis of facts from the pressures of popular sentiment.

(1) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)
(2) Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)
(3) Only (A) is true
(4) Only (R) is true

Why: Social sciences have their own methods to study facts objectively. They need such methods because their facts are easily affected by popular feelings. So (R) explains (A).

65.Which of the following may be used to denote democracy?
(a) People are equal and free
(b) People are wealthy and prosperous
(c) People resolve conflicts in a better way than others
(d) Government is more accountable and rational
Choose the correct option:

(1) (a) and (b)
(2) (a), (b) and (c)
(3) (b), (c) and (d)
(4) (b) and (d)

Why: CBSE gave the mark for every option (key Z). Democracy is marked by equality and freedom, better ways of resolving conflict and an accountable government. No option lists this combination correctly.

66.Which of the following questions assess the analytical aspect of the cognitive process?
(a) What are national curricular objectives which can be achieved through heritage projects?
(b) How are methods of history useful in the research of (a) science; (b) art and management studies?
(c) In how many regional languages and local dialects ‘VividhBharati’ programmes are broadcasted?
(d) Write a review on two historical serials you have watched.
(e) What are Bharuds? In which region / State this is popular?
Choose the correct option:

(1) (a), (b), (c) and (d) only
(2) (b), (c), (d) and (e) only
(3) (a), (b) and (d) only
(4) (c) and (e) only

Why: Questions (a), (b) and (d) ask students to link, compare and judge. They test analysis. Questions (c) and (e) only ask for facts.

67.Which of the following are essential elements of a fair trial?
(a) The trial is held in an open court.
(b) A copy of charge sheet and all other evidence that the prosecution presents to the court are given to the accused.
(c) The defence lawyer is not allowed to cross-examine the prosecution witnesses.
(d) Judges decide the matter on the basis of the statements articulated by lawyers.
Choose the correct option:

(1) All (a), (b), (c) and (d)
(2) Only (a), (b) and (c)
(3) Only (a), (b) and (d)
(4) Only (b), (c) and (d)

Why: A fair trial is held in an open court. The accused gets copies of the charge sheet and evidence. The judge decides on the basis of the evidence and arguments presented. The defence lawyer must be allowed to cross-examine witnesses.

68.The National Medical Commission’s Code of Medical Ethics states that every physician should, as far as possible, prescribe drugs which are called:

(1) Genetic medicines
(2) Global brands
(3) Generic medicines
(4) Ancient remedies

Why: The Code of Medical Ethics asks doctors to prescribe generic medicines as far as possible. They are cheaper than branded medicines.

69.Consider the statements (A) and (B) and choose the correct option:
(A) The natural sciences are superior to social sciences and are the domain of bright students.
(B) The social sciences are essential to provide social, cultural and analytical skills required to adjust to an increasingly independent world.

(1) Both (A) and (B) are true
(2) Both (A) and (B) are false
(3) (A) is true but (B) is false
(4) (A) is false but (B) is true

Why: No subject is superior to another, so (A) is false. Social sciences give the social, cultural and analytical skills needed in an inter-dependent world, so (B) is true.

70.Which of the following resources are relevant to discuss the theme ‘discrimination’?

(1) Text of Ashokan inscriptions.
(2) Universal Declaration of Human Rights.
(3) Narrative of B.R. Ambedkar’s experiences of looking for a place to stay after returning to India.
(4) Advertisement of a woman washing clothes in a commercial.

Why: Dr Ambedkar was refused a place to stay because of his caste. His own narrative shows discrimination clearly and directly.

71.Match the following and choose the appropriate option:

Indicators of assessment	Skills/Abilities
(a) Discussion	(i) Sensitivity towards differently abled, showing concern for environment
(b) Observation	(ii) Making logical connections
(c) Normative concerns	(iii) Reporting, narrating, picture-reading and drawing
(d) Explanation	(iv) Listening, expressing opinions and finding out from others

(1) (a)-(iv), (b)-(iii), (c)-(i), (d)-(ii)
(2) (a)-(iv), (b)-(ii), (c)-(i), (d)-(iii)
(3) (a)-(iv), (b)-(iii), (c)-(ii), (d)-(i)
(4) (a)-(ii), (b)-(iii), (c)-(iv), (d)-(i)

Why: Discussion assesses listening and expressing opinions. Observation assesses reporting, narrating and drawing. Normative concerns assess sensitivity to others and the environment. Explanation assesses logical connections.

72.Lata sells tea at 5.00 am. She then goes to fetch water from a far away well. After reaching home she cooks food, washes clothes, cleans the house, sweeps and then goes off to purchase items for her tea shop. All this can be referred to as:

(1) Care giving
(2) Double burden
(3) Housework
(4) Paid work

Why: Lata does paid work at her tea shop and also does all the housework. Carrying both loads is called the double burden.

73.Involving teachers is considered important in the development of social science assessment framework to:
(a) integrate contemporary events and prevailing changes.
(b) make curriculum and evaluation only subject-centered and to limit its scope.
(c) save time, labor and money by using teachers only as a resource.
(d) make necessary changes according to the level of teachers by using the experiences of teachers.
Choose the correct option:

(1) Only (a)
(2) (a) and (d) only
(3) (a), (b) and (c) only
(4) (a) and (b) only

Why: Teachers know current events and changes in their area. Involving them helps include these in the assessment framework. The key accepts only (a).

74.Read the Assertion (A) and Reason (R) statements and choose the correct option.
Assertion (A): Students should be encouraged to ask questions in the classroom.
Reason (R): It will help the introvert students to open up.

(1) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
(2) Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
(3) (A) is true but (R) is false.
(4) Both (A) and (R) are false.

Why: Asking questions helps all students learn. It especially gives shy and introvert students a chance to speak. So (R) explains (A).

75.Read the Assertion (A) and Reason (R) statements carefully and choose the correct option of the following:
Assertion (A): Values can be taught, too.
Reason (R): Social studies is a subject through which all basic values can be taught.

(1) Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) explains (A).
(2) Both (A) and (R) are correct but (R) does not explain (A).
(3) (A) is true but (R) is false.
(4) Both (A) and (R) are false.

Why: Values can be taught, so (A) is true. But social studies alone cannot teach “all” basic values, so (R) is false.

76.Fundamental Rights and Duties of Indian Constitution are written on the walls of social science classroom. This will make children learn primarily through __________.

(1) Observation
(2) Imagination
(3) Memorisation
(4) Reasoning

Why: Children see the Rights and Duties on the walls every day. So they learn mainly through observation.

77.Which of the following may be acquired by learners in a project work that involves engaging students in authentic, real-world problem-solving tasks?

(1) Development of critical thinking skills
(2) Improvement of content knowledge and skills
(3) Enhancement of creativity and innovation
(4) Promotion of collaboration and team work

Why: Solving authentic, real-world problems in a project mainly develops critical thinking skills. The key gives this option.

78.A well-designed portfolio assessment in social sciences should be:
(a) purposeful and systematic
(b) reflect regular assignments and activities of student
(c) focus mainly on the preparation of report card
(d) accumulation of student’s work over a long period of time
Choose the correct option:

(1) (a), (b) and (c)
(2) (b), (c) and (d)
(3) (a), (c) and (d)
(4) (a), (b) and (d)

Why: A good portfolio is purposeful and systematic. It shows regular work and collects the student’s work over a long time. It is not mainly for preparing the report card.

79.Which method would you use to collect information about the actual and correct status of earthquake victims in your area?

(1) Inquiry method
(2) Survey method
(3) Project method
(4) Problem-solving method

Why: To find the actual status of earthquake victims, data must be collected from people and places. This is the survey method.

80.Which of the following technique is most effective to assess individual performance of a student working in group task?
(a) Rubrics
(b) Multiple Choice Question
(c) Presentation
(d) Portfolio
Choose the correct option:

(1) (a) and (b)
(2) (b) and (c)
(3) (c) and (d)
(4) (a) and (d)

Why: CBSE accepted two options, (1) and (4) (key C). Rubrics and portfolios show each student’s own contribution and progress in a group task.

81.According to Indian Constitution this kind of reservation is not a violation of the right to equality.

(1) To give special treatment to someone in order to ensure equal opportunity.
(2) To ensure jobs to people from States where an elected representive or Minister comes from.
(3) To ensure jobs based on nepotism.
(4) To give jobs to close kith and kin of political leaders.

Why: Reservation is special treatment to ensure equal opportunity for disadvantaged groups. The Constitution does not treat it as a violation of the right to equality.

82.Which of the following provide scope to develop critical thinking skills?
(a) What role did the Yamuna play in the layout of the Mughal city at Shahjanabad?
(b) What is the purpose of press conference? How does the press conference help you get information on what the government is doing?
(c) Differentiate markets with illustrative examples.
(d) It is necessary for the civil servants to be politically neutral. Explain.
(e) Availability of water is a major factor affecting the settlement pattern. Discuss.
Choose the correct option:

(1) Only (a), (b), (c) and (d)
(2) Only (b), (c), (d) and (e)
(3) Only (a), (b), (d) and (e)
(4) Only (a), (c), (d) and (e)

Why: Questions (a), (b), (d) and (e) ask students to explain roles, purposes and causes, and to discuss. This builds critical thinking. Question (c) mainly asks for differences with examples.

83.A large number of people in rural India who are landless, although their main livelihood source is agriculture are called as:
(a) Marginal farmers
(b) Migrant labourers
(c) Agricultural labourers
(d) Small farmers
Choose the correct option:

(1) (a) and (b) only
(2) (b) and (c) only
(3) (a), (b) and (c) only
(4) (b), (c) and (d) only

Why: Landless people who depend on farming work on others’ fields as agricultural labourers. Many also move from place to place in search of work as migrant labourers.

84.The ideas of Liberty, Equality and Fraternity of the Indian Constitution are borrowed from __________.

(1) American Revolution
(2) French Revolution
(3) Russian Revolution
(4) Magna Carta

Why: The ideals of liberty, equality and fraternity in the Preamble were taken from the French Revolution.

85.Which of the following should be considered as gender neutral atmosphere in a school?
(a) A group of girls are making Rangoli
(b) A group of boys are volunteering in annual function.
(c) A group of girls are preparing for dance competition.
(d) A group of boys are arranging refreshments for guests.
Choose the correct option:

(1) (a) and (b)
(2) (b) and (c)
(3) (a) and (c)
(4) (b) and (d)

Why: Boys volunteering in the annual function and arranging refreshments break the idea that such tasks are only for girls. This shows a gender neutral atmosphere.

86.Which region in India has the highest concentration of Adivasi communities?

(1) North India
(2) South India
(3) East India
(4) West India

Why: According to the key, the highest concentration of Adivasis is in East India. States like Jharkhand, Odisha and Chhattisgarh have large Adivasi populations.

87.Consider the following statements and choose the correct option.
Statement (A): Investment in non-farm activities in rural areas can reduce the rural urban migration.
Statement (R): Migration increases during particular season when there are no agricultural activities in rural areas.

(1) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)
(2) Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)
(3) (A) is true but (R) is false
(4) Both (A) and (R) are false

Why: People migrate when there is no farm work in the off-season. Non-farm jobs in villages would give them work then. So such investment can reduce migration, and (R) explains (A).

88.A teacher wants to divide 30 students of her class in small groups for a task on diversity. Which will be the most relevant way to make small groups of students?

(1) As per students comfort
(2) Benchwise from front to back
(3) According to students marks in last exam from high to low
(4) Heterogenous random groups based on a game

Why: Random mixed groups, formed through a game, bring together students of different backgrounds. This suits a task on diversity.

89.Which one of the following statements accurately reflects the concept of plurality in social science curriculum? Choose the correct option:

(1) Dominance of a single ideology
(2) Inclusion of multiple perspectives and diverse view points
(3) Exclusion of certain perspectives from social science
(4) Use of complex language in social science curricular materials

Why: Plurality means including many perspectives and different points of view in the curriculum.

90.The Constitution determines the relationship among people living in a territory called citizen and also __________.

(1) relationship among people and corporates
(2) relationship among neighbouring countries
(3) relationship among people and government
(4) relationship among neighbouring countries and government

Why: The Constitution sets out the relationship between the people (citizens) and the government.

Source text not reproduced. This question and the ones that follow it are based on an extract that is still in copyright, so it is not reprinted here. Read it in the official question paper, then use the questions below.

91.The meteor explosion in 2013 in Russia was watched by people on:

(1) Twitter
(2) YouTube
(3) All social media handles
(4) Facebook and YouTube

Why: Para 2 says that millions of people watched videos and photos of the meteor explosion “on Facebook and YouTube”.

92.‘Some of these facts are erroneous’. The antonym for the underlined word in the given sentence is:

(1) faultless
(2) inaccurate
(3) invalid
(4) surprising

Why: “Erroneous” means containing mistakes. Its antonym is “faultless”. “Inaccurate” and “invalid” are close to it in meaning.

93.Why should we not take news on social media lightly?

(1) The facts are erroneous.
(2) Strangers can call you to seek information.
(3) They can change our lives for the better.
(4) News posted are hoax and confusing.

Why: The passage ends by saying, “But social media can change our lives for the better.” This is why we should not take it lightly.

94.Arrange the following events as mentioned in para 1 in the correct sequential order.
(a) Jim watched the crash and tweeted.
(b) People started contacting Jim for updated news.
(c) A plane crashed into the Hudson River.
(d) The news of the crash was broadcast 15 minutes later.

(1) (c) → (b) → (d) → (a)
(2) (b) → (c) → (a) → (d)
(3) (d) → (c) → (a) → (b)
(4) (c) → (a) → (b) → (d)

Why: The plane crashed first. Jim watched and tweeted. Then people contacted him. The news came on official channels 15 minutes later.

95.Read the following statements:
(a) A plane crashed on 15 January, 2009
(b) 155 passengers escaped, but the pilot lost his life.
(c) Jim, an onlooker, posted pictures on Facebook

(1) (a) and (b) are correct, but (c) is incorrect
(2) (c) is correct, but (a) and (b) are incorrect
(3) (a) is correct, but (b) and (c) are incorrect
(4) (a), (b) and (c) are all incorrect

Why: The plane did crash on 15 January 2009, so (a) is correct. The pilot, crew and all passengers escaped, so (b) is wrong. Jim tweeted; the passage does not say he posted pictures on Facebook, so (c) is wrong.

96.Complete the given word analogy:
dramatic : exciting : : hoax : ? .

(1) media posts
(2) deception
(3) example
(4) excuse

Why: “Dramatic” and “exciting” are similar in meaning. In the same way, a “hoax” is a “deception”.

97.News on social media:

(1) are reliable
(2) travel fast
(3) are deliberate hoaxes
(4) are insignificant

Why: Para 3 begins, “News travels fast on social media”.

98.Identify Parts of Speech of the underlined words in the sentence given below:
‘But social media can change our lives for the better.’

(1) noun, adverb
(2) verb, adjective
(3) verb, adverb
(4) noun, adjective

Why: “Lives” is a noun, the object of “change”. The key treats “better” as an adjective.

99.Ordinary people suddenly became journalists means:

(1) they started posting news-bits pictures and videos on social media
(2) they headed towards media houses to seek employment
(3) they started contacting Jim to know the details
(4) they left the jobs where they were employed

Why: Ordinary people at the scene posted tweets, photos and videos online before official channels did. So they did the work of journalists.

Great, wide, beautiful, wonderful world,
With the wonderful water round you curled.
And the wonderful grass upon your breast
World, you are beautifully drest.

The wonderful air is over me,
And the wonderful wind is shaking the tree,
It walks on the water, and whirls the mills,
And talks to itself on the tops of the hills.

You friendly Earth! How far do you go,
With the wheat-fields that nod and the rivers that flow.
With cities and gardens, and cliffs, and isles,
And people upon you for thousands of miles?

Ah, you are so great, and I am so small,
I tremble to think of you, World, at all;
And yet, when I said my prayers today,
A whisper inside me seemed to say,
‘You are more than the Earth, though you are such a dot,
You can love and think, and the Earth cannot!’

100.What does the underlined word refer to?
‘It walks on the water, ....’

(1) river
(2) grass
(3) wind
(4) Earth

Why: “It” refers to the wind in the line before: “the wonderful wind is shaking the tree”. The wind walks on the water and whirls the mills.

101.In the line, ‘with the wonderful water round you curled’, the word ‘curled’ means:

(1) arched
(2) surrounded
(3) mounted
(4) turbulent

Why: The water lies all round the earth. So “curled” here means surrounded.

102.In this poem, the poet describes the:

(1) the Earth, its present and past
(2) the plants that grow on the Earth
(3) beauty and vastness of Earth
(4) life in the cities

Why: The poet describes the earth’s water, grass, air, fields, cities and people. The poem is about the beauty and vastness of the earth.

103.The wind in the poem talks to:

(1) itself
(2) trees
(3) clouds
(4) hills

Why: The poem says the wind “talks to itself on the tops of the hills”.

104.Identify the figures of speech in line 1 and line 4.

(1) anaphora, personification
(2) alliteration, metaphor
(3) alliteration, personification
(4) simile, alliteration

Why: Line 1 repeats the “w” sound (wide, wonderful, world), which is alliteration. Line 4 speaks to the world as if it were a person who is dressed, which is personification.

105.List the 3 different things (in stanza 3) found on Earth that make it great.

(1) rivers, gardens, cliffs
(2) isles, oceans, people
(3) wheatfields, trees, whisper
(4) cities, grass, mills

Why: Stanza 3 mentions wheat-fields, rivers, cities, gardens, cliffs, isles and people. Rivers, gardens and cliffs are all in this list.

106.The impact of tests and assessments on teachers, learners, and materials is called __________.

(1) Corpus effect
(2) Washback effect
(3) Classroom effect
(4) Reinforcement

Why: The effect of tests and assessment on teaching, learning and materials is called the washback effect.

107.Schools should follow additive bilingualism because it:

(1) values the culture and language of the child
(2) gives importance to teaching English as a second language
(3) promotes the child’s language but not the culture
(4) hinders the development of the first language

Why: Additive bilingualism adds a new language without replacing the child’s first language. So it values the child’s language and culture.

108.Linguistic function such as intonation, tone, stress, and rhythm are known as:

(1) Poetry
(2) Prosody
(3) Phonetics
(4) Pragmatics

Why: Intonation, tone, stress and rhythm are features of speech called prosody.

109.Which of the following statements is NOT true about languages in India?

(1) According to the Indian Constitution, English is an Associate Official Language.
(2) According to the list of Eighth schedule of the Constitution of India, there are 22 languages.
(3) Sanskrit is a Modern Indian Language.
(4) Hindi is the lingua franca of the Indian sub-continent.

Why: Sanskrit is a classical language, not a modern Indian language. So statement (3) is not true.

110.In a language class, students form groups under the guidance of a teacher and present an advertisement on a given topic. Learning a language in this way is called __________.

(1) Collaborative learning
(2) Competition and rivalry
(3) Language games
(4) Guidance and counseling

Why: Students work together in groups under guidance to make a shared product. This is collaborative learning.

111.A teacher gives a task to familiarise the learners with the vocabulary used in restaurants. What among the following should be objective of the lesson?

(1) To acquaint the learner with the lexical items
(2) To familiarise with the grammatical items
(3) To introduce the text about a holiday destination
(4) To develop critical thinking

Why: The task is about restaurant vocabulary. So its objective is to acquaint learners with lexical items (words).

112.Which school of learning believed that language, whether verbal or non-verbal, takes place through the process of habit formation?

(1) Functionalist
(2) Behaviourist
(3) Cognitivist
(4) Interactionalist

Why: Behaviourists believed language is learnt through habit formation by imitation, practice and reinforcement.

113.The time and place of the story are called the __________.

(1) Theme
(2) Setting
(3) Plot
(4) Climax

Why: The time and place in which a story happens are called its setting.

114.In a language class, a teacher asks a group of students to act as purchasers, property sellers, landlords and tenants while other students are asked to watch them and enjoy their conversation. This activity is called __________.

(1) Roleplay
(2) Drama
(3) Acting class
(4) Guidance

Why: Students take on the parts of buyers, sellers, landlords and tenants and talk as they would in real life. This is role play.

115.A language teacher brings everyday objects such as newspapers, menu cards and train tickets to teach the students of class V. What is she doing to make learning happen?

(1) She is using authentic materials to make her teaching more realistic and useful.
(2) She is trying to help her students to learn multiple languages.
(3) She wants her students to learn English through real life like situations.
(4) She is creating awareness in the students.

Why: Newspapers, menu cards and train tickets are authentic materials. They make language learning realistic and useful.

116.Which of the following is NOT an important factor in planning a listening lesson?

(1) Pausing the recording.
(2) Speed of delivery.
(3) Gender of speakers.
(4) Number of speakers.

Why: Pauses, speed of delivery and number of speakers affect how easy a listening text is. The gender of the speakers does not matter much.

117.Multilingualism in India intends teachers to understand:

(1) communication happens, and social cohesion is maintained
(2) minority languages should be clubbed with dominant languages
(3) ‘a language’ policy should be framed in a diverse society
(4) language, identity and culture are separate entities

Why: Multilingualism helps teachers understand that communication happens across languages and social cohesion is maintained.

118.Which skill of language is known as receptive skills?

(1) Listening and Speaking
(2) Speaking and Writing
(3) Reading and Writing
(4) Listening and Reading

Why: Listening and reading are receptive skills because the learner receives language. Speaking and writing are productive skills.

119.Listening involves:

(1) hearing the sound, decoding the sounds as they are
(2) guessing the content
(3) using prior knowledge of the subject
(4) recognising sounds and deducing the meaning from it

Why: Listening means recognising the sounds and also working out the meaning from them. Just hearing sounds is not listening.

120.Match the language teaching methods in Column - A with their understanding or related activities in Column - B:

Column - A	Column - B
(a) Communicative Language Teaching	(i) Socially acceptable and contextually appropriate language
(b) Direct method	(ii) Silent reading
(c) Grammar Translation	(iii) Written literary texts
(d) West’s New Method	(iv) Grammar is taught inductively

(1) (a)-(i), (b)-(iv), (c)-(iii), (d)-(ii)
(2) (a)-(iv), (b)-(ii), (c)-(iii), (d)-(i)
(3) (a)-(iii), (b)-(i), (c)-(ii), (d)-(iv)
(4) (a)-(ii), (b)-(i), (c)-(iv), (d)-(iii)

Why: CLT focuses on socially acceptable, context-appropriate language. The Direct method teaches grammar inductively. Grammar Translation uses written literary texts. West’s New Method stresses silent reading.

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121.‘दिवायीना दिन बाई खेतीना पसाराब यातील ‘खेतीना पसाराब यातून काय सूचित केले आहे?

(1) घरात धनधान्य आलेले आहे
(2) गाई-गुरांचं कौतुक चाललेलं आहे
(3) रांगोळी काढलेली आहे
(4) अंगणात सडा शिंपलेला आहे

Why: उताऱ्यात ही ओवी शेतकऱ्याच्या घरात धन-धान्य आल्याच्या संदर्भात येते. ‘खेतीना पसारा’ म्हणजे शेतीचे पीक घरात आले आहे.

122.लेखिकेच्या मते सासुरवाशिणीला माहेरकडून कशाची अधिक अपेक्षा असते?

(1) चोळीबांगडी
(2) पशुधन
(3) नंदी
(4) औत

Why: उताऱ्यानुसार सासुरवाशिणीला माहेरकडून चोळी-बांगडीपेक्षा पशुधनाची अधिक अपेक्षा असायची, कारण त्यामुळे तिच्या जीवनात समृद्धी नांदायची.

123.‘लक्ष्मीची पूजाब यातील ‘लक्ष्मीब हे काय आहे?

(1) सामान्यनाम
(2) सर्वनाम
(3) विशेषनाम
(4) समुदायवाचक नाम

Why: ‘लक्ष्मी’ हे एका विशिष्ट देवतेचे नाव आहे. म्हणून ते विशेषनाम आहे.

124.‘दिवाळी सण मोठाब यातील ‘मोठाब हे काय आहे?

(1) कर्ता
(2) विशेषण
(3) कर्म
(4) क्रियापद

Why: ‘मोठा’ हा शब्द ‘सण’ या नामाबद्दल माहिती सांगतो. म्हणून तो विशेषण आहे.

125.प्रस्तुत उताऱ्यात शेतीची वस्तू म्हणून कोणता शब्द आलेला आहे?

(1) औत
(2) नंदी
(3) गाई
(4) माणिक

Why: ‘औत’ म्हणजे शेत नांगरण्याचे साधन. उताऱ्यात “मला औताला दिले नंदी” असा उल्लेख आहे.

126.स्त्रीच्या मर्मबंधातील ठेव कोणती असते?

(1) दिवाळी
(2) भाऊराया
(3) रांगोळी
(4) माहेर

Why: उताऱ्यात म्हटले आहे, “माहेर म्हणजे स्त्रीच्या मर्मबंधातील ठेव.”

127.उताऱ्यातील लोकगीतातून भाऊरायाचे आगमन कसे होते?

(1) रांगोळी मोडून
(2) सडा घालून
(3) रांगोळी काढून
(4) दिवा लावून

Why: ओवीत म्हटले आहे, “बंधुराज माझा आला रांगोळी मोडून.”

128.स्त्रियांच्या ओवीगीतांतून पुढीलपैकी काय आढळत नाही?

(1) स्त्रियांची मानसिकता
(2) सण-वार
(3) स्त्री मनाचे सुख दु:ख
(4) संस्कृति विरोध

Why: ओवीगीतांतून स्त्रियांचे मन, सण-वार आणि सुख-दुःख दिसते. ती भारतीय संस्कृतीचा अनमोल ठेवा आहेत. त्यात संस्कृतीला विरोध आढळत नाही.

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129.‘पृथ्वी आळसत आळसत सूर्यसन्मुख होत असते.’ यातील अधोरेखित क्रियापद कोणते?

(1) अकर्मक क्रियापद
(2) संयुक्त क्रियापद
(3) सहायक क्रियापद
(4) सकर्मक क्रियापद

Why: ‘होत असते’ यात ‘होणे’ आणि ‘असणे’ ही दोन क्रियापदे मिळून एक क्रिया दाखवतात. म्हणून ते संयुक्त क्रियापद आहे.

130.‘दहिवरब शब्दाचा योग्य अर्थ कोणता?

(1) दव
(2) दही
(3) वृक्ष
(4) मडके

Why: ‘दहिवर’ म्हणजे पहाटे पडणारे दव.

131.‘आकाश धरणीला धुक्याच्या मिषाने कवटाळीत असते.’ यातील अधोरेखित काय आहे?

(1) विशेषनाम
(2) सामान्यनाम
(3) भाववाचक नाम
(4) क्रियाविशेषण

Why: ‘आकाश’ आणि ‘धरणी’ ही वस्तूंची नावे आहेत. म्हणून ती सामान्यनामे आहेत.

132.पृथ्वीचा अनुनय आकाश व सूर्य दोघेही करतात, यातील ‘अनुनयब या शब्दाचा समानार्थ कोणता?

(1) भक्ती
(2) अनुकरण
(3) प्रियाराधन
(4) विवाह

Why: ‘अनुनय’ म्हणजे प्रिय व्यक्तीचे मन वळवणे, प्रियाराधन.

133.पौष महिन्याला संक्रमणाचा महिना म्हणण्याचे कारण ________.

(1) दिवस मोठा होतो
(2) हिरवीगार पिके येतात
(3) आकाशात धुके असते
(4) धुक्यातून सूर्यकिरणे येतात

Why: उताऱ्यानुसार पौष हा संक्रमणाचा महिना आहे, कारण दिवस मोठे होण्याची निशाणी याच दिवसांत मिळते.

134.पुढीलपैकी सामान्यनाम कोणते?

(1) धुके
(2) गारठा
(3) माणूस
(4) ओलावा

Why: ‘माणूस’ हे एका जातीतील सर्वांना लागू पडणारे नाम आहे. म्हणून ते सामान्यनाम आहे. गारठा आणि ओलावा ही भाववाचक नामे आहेत.

135.पृथ्वी, आकाश आणि सूर्य यांच्या प्रेमकथेचे रूपक लेखिकेला कशामुळे उलगडले?

(1) पौषाची संक्रमणता
(2) पृथ्वी व सूर्याचे मीलन
(3) आदिवासी कथा
(4) रामायण

Why: लेखिका म्हणते की पौष महिन्याचा विचार तिला आदिवासींच्या कथांशिवाय करता येत नाही. पृथ्वी, आकाश आणि सूर्य यांची प्रेमकथा तिला आदिवासी कथेतूनच उलगडली.

136.पुढीलपैकी कोणते माध्यम समकालिक (Synchronous) आणि अ-समकालिक (Asynchronous) ऑनलाईन शिक्षणाच्या अनेक संधी उपलब्ध करून देते?

(1) पाठ्यपुस्तक
(2) रेल्वे तिकिट
(3) दूरदर्शन (Television)
(4) पॅडलेट (Padlet)

Why: पॅडलेट हा ऑनलाइन फलक आहे. त्यावर शिक्षक आणि विद्यार्थी एकाच वेळी (समकालिक) किंवा वेगवेगळ्या वेळी (अ-समकालिक) काम करू शकतात.

137.संस्कारक्षम मूल्यमापन (Formative assessment) या बाबतीत कोणते तंत्र आदर्श नाही?

(1) स्वाध्याय (assignment)
(2) कागद पेन्सिल चाचणी
(3) प्रकल्प
(4) वर्ग सादरीकरण

Why: कागद-पेन्सिल चाचणी साधारणपणे शिकून झाल्यावर घेतली जाते. स्वाध्याय, प्रकल्प आणि वर्ग सादरीकरण ही अध्ययन सुरू असतानाच्या (Formative) मूल्यमापनाची योग्य तंत्रे आहेत.

138.दैनंदीन वस्तूंचा वापर करून केलेले भाषा शिक्षण म्हणजे _________.

(1) रेलिया (Relia)
(2) भाषा-खेळ
(3) शिक्षण साधन
(4) मजकूर

Why: CBSE ने (1) आणि (3) हे दोन पर्याय बरोबर मानले (की B). शिकवण्यासाठी वापरलेल्या दैनंदिन खऱ्या वस्तूंना रेलिया (Realia) म्हणतात. त्या शिक्षण साधनेही आहेत.

139.भारताचे शिक्षणात भाषा धोरण (त्रिभाषा सूत्र) पुढीलपैकी कशाला उत्तेजन देते?

(1) बहुभाषिक शिक्षण
(2) एकभाषिक शिक्षण
(3) हिन्दीवर भर देत द्वैभाषिक शिक्षण
(4) मातृभाषाधारित बहुभाषिकत्त्व

Why: त्रिभाषा सूत्र मुलाच्या मातृभाषेपासून सुरू करून इतर भाषा जोडते. म्हणून ते मातृभाषाधारित बहुभाषिकत्वाला उत्तेजन देते.

140.अधोगामी (Top-down) प्रक्रियेशी संबंधित नसलेला पर्याय कोणता?

(1) ऐकणारे त्याच्या पार्श्वभूमीच्या ज्ञानावर अवलंबून असतात.
(2) ऐकणारे उद्दिष्ट अर्थाचा अनुमान लावतात.
(3) ऐकणारे जगाच्या बाबतीतल्या ज्ञानाचा वापर करतात.
(4) ऐकणाऱ्यांना प्रत्येक शब्द समजणे गरजेचे आहे.

Why: अधोगामी प्रक्रियेत ऐकणारे पूर्वज्ञानाच्या आधारे अर्थाचा अंदाज बांधतात. त्यांना प्रत्येक शब्द समजण्याची गरज नसते.

141.‘आंतरराष्ट्रीय मातृभाषा दिनब कधी साजरा केला जातो?

(1) 1 जानेवारी
(2) 14 फेब्रुवारी
(3) 21 फेब्रुवारी
(4) 13 एप्रिल

Why: युनेस्को दरवर्षी 21 फेब्रुवारीला आंतरराष्ट्रीय मातृभाषा दिन साजरा करते.

142.तुम्ही तुमचा सहकारी जो तुमचा मित्र ही आहे त्याला इमेल लिहिता. या प्रकारचा इमेल म्हणजे __________.

(1) अनौपचारिक
(2) औपचारिक
(3) व्यावसायिक
(4) पत्र व्यवहार

Why: मित्र असलेल्या सहकाऱ्याला लिहिलेला इमेल अनौपचारिक असतो.

143.विद्यार्थ्यांच्या शिक्षणात आणि आकलनात स्पष्टता येण्यासाठी समग्र अध्ययन-अध्यापन पद्धतीत केलेले मूल्यमापन म्हणजे __________.

(1) शिक्षणासाठी मूल्यमापन
(2) शिक्षणाचे मूल्यमापन
(3) शिक्षणात मूल्यमापन
(4) शिक्षण म्हणजे मूल्यमापन

Why: अध्ययन-अध्यापन सुरू असताना विद्यार्थ्यांचे आकलन जाणून शिक्षण सुधारण्यासाठी केलेले मूल्यमापन म्हणजे शिक्षणासाठी मूल्यमापन.

144.द्वितीय भाषा वर्गामध्ये शिक्षक ‘आरोग्य म्हणजेच संपत्तीब यावरील ध्वनिफीत लावतात. यानंतर ते मुलांना पत्रके वाटतात व त्यातील दिलेल्या पर्यायांपैकी अचूक उत्तर देण्यास सांगतात. या उपक्रमातून विद्यार्थ्यांना कोणत्या बाबतीत सक्षम करायचे आहे?

(1) आरोग्यावरील पाठ ऐकणे
(2) विद्यार्थ्यांना नियत कार्यात गुंतवून ठेवणे
(3) आशयाचे विश्लेषण करण्यास ऐकणे
(4) ‘आरोग्य आणि संपत्तीब यावरील धडा पाठ करणे

Why: CBSE ने (2) आणि (3) हे दोन पर्याय बरोबर मानले (की D). विद्यार्थी ध्वनिफीत ऐकून पत्रकावर योग्य उत्तर निवडतात. त्यामुळे ते कार्यात गुंततात आणि ऐकून विश्लेषण करायला शिकतात.

145.‘भाषा शिक्षणात चुकाब या संदर्भात कोणते विधान योग्य नाही?

(1) चुका भाषा शिक्षण प्रक्रियेत अडथळा आणतात.
(2) चुका प्रत्येक वेळेला वाईट नसतात, शिक्षणात मदत करतात.
(3) चुका हा भाषा शिक्षण प्रक्रियेचा महत्त्वाचा पैलू आहे.
(4) चुका द्वितीय भाषा आत्मसात करण्याच्या प्रक्रियेला समजून घेण्यात मदत करतात.

Why: चुका हा भाषा शिकण्याचा नैसर्गिक भाग आहे. त्या अडथळा नसतात. म्हणून विधान (1) योग्य नाही.

146.भाषा शिक्षणात सर्जनशीलता म्हणजे _________.

(1) वर्गातील मुक्त नियतकार्य ज्यात विविध अर्थ लावण्याचे नि उत्तर देण्याचे स्वातंत्र्य असणे
(2) एखादी गोष्ट समजून घेण्यासाठी विविध विषयांच्या घटकांना सामावून घेणे
(3) नवीन शिक्षण पद्धतींचा वापर करून केलेले वर्ग-कार्य
(4) संभाषणात्मक भाषा शिक्षणाच्या मदतीने केलेली वर्ग सामग्री

Why: वेगवेगळे अर्थ आणि उत्तरे देण्याचे स्वातंत्र्य असलेली मुक्त नियतकार्ये म्हणजे भाषा शिक्षणातील सर्जनशीलता.

147.विद्यार्थ्यांला भाषेच्या संपर्कात आणले पाहिजे. चुका होणे हे याचे प्रमाण आहे की अध्ययन होत आहे. या मान्यतेचा पुरस्कार कोण करते?

(1) वर्तनवादी (Behaviourist)
(2) बोधनात्मकवादी (Cognitivist)
(3) मानवतावादी (Humanist)
(4) मानसविश्लेषणवादी (Psychoanalyst)

Why: बोधनात्मकवादी मानतात की विद्यार्थ्याला भाषेचा भरपूर संपर्क मिळाला पाहिजे आणि चुका हे शिकत असल्याचे प्रमाण आहे.

148.पुढीलपैकी कोणते विधान अचूक आहे?
(a) डिस्लेक्सिया (Dyslexia) ही वाचन अक्षमता आहे.
(b) डिस्ग्राफिया (Dysgraphia) ही लेखन अक्षमता आहे.
(c) डिस्ग्राफिया (Dysgraphia) ही वाचन अक्षमता आहे.
(d) डिस्लेक्सिया (Dyslexia) ही लेखन अक्षमता आहे.

(1) फक्त (a) बरोबर
(2) फक्त (b) आणि (d) बरोबर
(3) (a) आणि (b) दोन्ही बरोबर
(4) (c) आणि (d) दोन्ही बरोबर

Why: डिस्लेक्सिया ही वाचन अक्षमता आणि डिस्ग्राफिया ही लेखन अक्षमता आहे. म्हणून (a) आणि (b) बरोबर आहेत.

149.शासकीय शाळेची शिक्षिका, रीटा, दृष्य साधने आणि भाषा-खेळांचा वापर इयत्ता सातवीच्या मुलांना इंग्रजी शिकवण्यासाठी करते. रीटा कोणत्या अध्यापन सिद्धांताचा वापर करते?

(1) नैसर्गिक प्रक्रियेचा सिद्धांत
(2) सरावातून सवय लावणे सिद्धांत
(3) प्रेरणा आणि आवड सिद्धांत
(4) जीवनाशी संबंध लावणे सिद्धांत

Why: दृश्य साधने आणि भाषा-खेळ यांमुळे शिकणे रंजक होते. रीटा प्रेरणा आणि आवड या सिद्धांताचा वापर करते.

150.प्राणी हा मुख्य पात्र असलेली आणि सुगमपणे नीती शिकवण देणारी कथा म्हणजे ___________.

(1) कल्पित कथा
(2) बोधकथा
(3) विज्ञानकथा
(4) यात्रावृत्तांत

Why: प्राणी मुख्य पात्र असलेली आणि सोप्या रीतीने नीती शिकवणारी कथा म्हणजे बोधकथा, उदा. पंचतंत्रातील कथा.

CTET July 2024 — Paper II (Social Studies)

Choose your language papers

Central Teacher Eligibility Test — July 2024
Paper II (Social Studies)

Part I — Child Development and Pedagogy

Part III — Social Studies / Social Science

Part IV — Language I — English

Part V — Language II — Marathi

Answer Key

CTET July 2024 — Paper II (Social Studies)

Choose your language papers

Central Teacher Eligibility Test — July 2024Paper II (Social Studies)

Part I — Child Development and Pedagogy

Part III — Social Studies / Social Science

Part IV — Language I — English

Part V — Language II — Marathi

Answer Key

Central Teacher Eligibility Test — July 2024
Paper II (Social Studies)